WISDOM

New Nakhichevan Dialect as an Element of the Armenian National Identity

2022-07-23T07:37:02+00:00

The formation of the Armenian Diaspora was specifically crucial for the Armenian people and the Armenian language. Armenians worldwide have expanded the range of the Armenian language, exerting great efforts to preserve the integrity of the language. Conditioned by this, one noticeable problem for the literary language has emerged; as much as foreignisms are dangerous for the language, purisms are equally dangerous.

The article is dedicated to one of the critical elements of self-determination of Armenians living in the region of New Nakhichevan; the current language status of the Armenian dialect, the scope of its use and the preservation of the national face through language.

In order to avoid the danger of assimilation, especially the representatives of the Western dialect group create Armenian morphemes and try to translate all the words indiscriminately, even internationally acceptable terms, which signals the fear living in the subconscious that the distortion of the language will lead to the distortion of the national identity.

Dialects also evince features in semantics. In the article, we have presented several words used in the dialect, which, compared to other Armenian dialects, coincide in terms of expression but differ in terms of content.

Philosophy of Dramatisation in the Context of Art Interaction in W. S. Maugham’s Novels

2022-02-20T10:01:08+00:00

The present study deals with the novel dramatization in the context of the synthesis of the art in the literature of the 20^th century. The changes in the literary text caused by introducing a new pictorial and expressive technique are given. The use of pictorial and theatrical ekphrasis in Maugham’s novels was analysed. W. S. Maugham’s novels are considered through the prism of his theatrical experience. The paper attempts to interpret his poetics of dramatization as a way out of the epic and the creation of a qualitatively new multi-plate and multifaceted phenomenon.

At the narrative level, there is an interruption in the integrity of the story. Vertical layers add a horizontal plan for the development of the plot, and the subjective structure has changed at the level of inclusion of several storytellers. The study revealed that the connotations to paintings and plays increase the effect of descriptiveness and enrich expressive, emotional, and sensual perception. The method of “points of view” is used to overcome the plane of description and move to the sphere of the display. The clash of diverse “points of view” and their filtering by the dominant “point of view” of the narrator increases the dramatization influence.

Modern Ukrainian Grand Narrative: Prospects for Evolution

2022-03-23T18:08:31+00:00

The article analyzes the features of the modern Ukrainian narrative. Particular attention is paid to interpreting the term “grand narrative”. By “grand narrative”, we mean the global intellectual narrative of concepts of experience and knowledge, which emerged in the Enlightenment. The paper notes that the grand narrative not only managed to systematize European thinking but has made an intellectual expansion into the whole scientific world. Today, the grand narrative is a rather broad concept, and it means a new method of historiography. The article pays attention to historical research methods: chronological, historical-comparative and retrospective. The work is formed based on the conclusions of the classics of Ukrainian history (M. Hrushevsky) and the grand narratives of modern Ukrainian historians. The results of the study show that in Ukraine, several versions of the grand narrative are formed on different scientific principles: multiethnic, Eurocentrism, Westernization (modernization), and nationalism. We believe that bringing the Ukrainian grand narrative into westernization is undesirable because it significantly limits the heuristic potential. But the national-state concept of narrativism has potential in history, as many Ukrainian “stories” are written under the influence of Soviet stereotypes. Therefore, we believe that today we need to rethink narrativism to find a new Ukrainian grand narrative.

Hate Language Produced by Indonesian Figures in Social Media: From Philosophical Perspectives

2022-07-21T01:55:03+00:00

This study aims to: (1) describe the linguistic forms typically used in hate speech; (2) reveal the interpretation and intention of hate speech, and (3) propose its pedagogical implication. This was descriptive qualitative research with content and a philosophic analysis approach. The data were excerpts containing hate language produced by figures collected from YouTube videos. The hate speech was linguistically manifested through the use of swear words, mental abnormality terms, the animal metaphor, insults which refer to characters, Arabic terms with negative meaning, and nicknames that call out physical characteristics. According to the interpretation in the Indonesian context, the speakers use hate language to vent negative feelings, insult, condemn, accuse, show disagreement, show dissatisfaction, wish bad luck, and threaten. The hate language appears to be an Indonesian phenomenon of language use, however, its forms and functions are determined by the contextual or philosophic background of the users. Some hate language in this paper was found to mask the speakers’ defeat and incapability against the target of hate.

Existential-Ontological Manifestations of Time in Khrimian Hayrik’s Essay “Time and Its Essence”

2022-07-20T12:06:33+00:00

The research aims to interpret the aesthetic-ideological references of Nation-State-Constitution-Consciousness-Right phenomena in Khrimyan Hayrik’s famous essay “Time and Its Essence” on the matrix basis of the constitutionality of time. In his work, I observe the problem is of the existential Presence and Being a man in the internal domain of time since presence (here and now), which is the participation in being: in the Presence of Present, Being is the possible presence. As detected in the course of the research, it is relevant in the context of philosophy, time of ontological manifestations (existential diversity), and chronotopic coordination of being.

Philosophical and Discursive Approaches to the Categorisation of Modal Meanings in Multimodal Texts

2022-04-25T04:42:08+00:00

The question of overcoming barriers between the study of language and philosophical, immanent perception of the image and other aspects that formulate a coherent text is still open. A multimodal approach to understanding the news coverage strategy in the Telegram can reveal the discursive function and the multimodal perspective. One uses a combination of linguistic and philosophical approaches to analyze multimodal texts. This combination proves that the homogeneous use of the model of proving empirical reality employing philosophical and linguistic segments reveals the modulations. The article aims to explore the theoretical foundations of philosophical and discursive approaches to categorizing modal meanings in multimodal texts. The study results of the ideational architectonics of the 65 analysed multimodal posts on the Ukrainian Telegram channel “SUSPILNE NEWS” as of April 18, 2022 have pointed to a tendency of disconnection of categorical modalities. 19 multimodal texts out of 65 revealed a complete symbiosis of philosophical and linguistic modus operandi (the presence of all linguistic and extralinguistic resources, including video sequences), while 46 posts acted as monomodal tests. Regarding the number of “likes” and views, the posts with all extralinguistic and semiotically heterogeneous resources were more popular and, therefore, more exciting and easier to perceive.

The Novels by T. Hardy “Tess of the D’urbervilles” and “Loose” by Panas Myrnyi: Peculiarities of Stylistic Narration

2021-09-05T10:02:48+00:00

The peculiarities of stylistic narration of the novels by T. Hardy and Panas Myrnyi are considered in the article. We defined that historical and typological principles, being theoretically “disclosed”, have already contributed to defining a significant number of peculiarities of historical and literary development under any national conditions. All this, on the whole, gives the possibility to all-round studying the artistic culture.

We found out that using cultural data in the linguistic creation of the text is one way to acquire the style mastership.

The purpose of the article is to explore the peculiarities of the stylistic narration in the novels by T. Hardy and Panas Myrnyi.

The research subject is socio-psychological novels by T. Hardy and Panas Myrnyi.

The methods such as historical-typological, historical-genetic, and historical-functional were used to achieve the goal.

We underlined the fact that the prose of the mentioned authors is characterised by using different forms of narration: inner monologues and dialogues, recollections, letters and narrative elements. It contributed to the lyricism of the novel genre and sophistication of the composition of the novels, which let to transfer the plan of solving problems from the outer actions to the inner psychological plan.

Problems of Studying the Verbal Semantics of Differential Languages in the Conditions of Bilingualism

2022-07-19T14:43:25+00:00

The article analyses the lexical-semantic group of verbs describing movement in modern Tatar and Russian languages. The relevance of this topic is determined by intercultural barriers in the study of verbs of motion in polylingualism. In the study, identities and differences in the verbs of movement in the Tatar and Russian languages were identified. The study found many similarities in the meaning and use of the verbs of movement in Russian and Tatar. The research results will be used in developing and improving the methodology for teaching Tatar and Russian languages in conditions of Tatar-Russian polylingualism. The authors propose to develop exercises and dictionaries aimed at mastering the most difficult to study verbs of motion from the semantics of close spheres.

Philosophical Conception of Stable Verse Forms (Based on Yeghishe Charents’s Poetry Analysis)

2022-07-28T08:41:42+00:00

The article is dedicated to the analysis of stable verse forms in the poetry of great Armenian poet Yeghishe Charents (1897-1937), introducing the structural opportunities for the development of the theme and the idea with some philosophical logic. It has long been criticized that the structure of these verse forms has a clear logic, the roots of which come from ancient and medieval ritual art. Many of the stable forms of Roman poetry (sonnet, triolet, rondel, rondeau, etc.) arose from widespread national dance songs that were popular in medieval Europe, inheriting the lengthy stanza of three parts typical to them, which, in its turn, is associated with the triad often encountered in antique tragedies and odas (strophe, antistrophe and epode). Triolet, sonnet and rondeau resemble ancient superstrophe in their structure, showing the same logic of the development of the theme. Stable forms from Eastern poetry (ruba’i, ghazal, mukhammaz, etc.) also have sound principles of structure and rhyme, which contribute to the expression of their philosophical content. The poetry of Yeghishe Charents, rich in stable verse forms, provides a vast opportunity to demonstrate the philosophical conception of the connection between their form and content.

Synergetic Concepts “Chaos” and “Order” in Modern English Verbo-Creating Processes

2022-01-25T11:30:20+00:00

The article deals with the problem of relevancy of the central notions and principles of synergetics for studying word-formation processes in Modern English. It is proved that the complex, open, nonequilibrium, nonlinear language super-system in general and word-formation macro-system, in particular, develop due to the contradiction of the chaos processes and its stability. The trans-level nature of structural relationships of the English word-formation macro-system with other levels of the language super-system (especially lexical one) determines the dynamism of verbo-creative processes, mobility of its constituents, poly-functionality and “poly-combinability” of word-forming tools and mechanisms. Periodic modification of verbo-creation mechanisms, creation of new combinations of word-formation methods, enrichment of the stock of word-formation tools by functional transposition of intra-level and extra-level language units and current dissipation of functionally passive word-forming morphemes manifest chaotic processes in different parts of the modern English word-formation system which simultaneously is aimed to maintain its structural organisation.

Paradigm of the Competence of Linguists in the Education System in the Context of Understanding the Philosophy of Language

2022-02-18T11:39:12+00:00

Linguists’ understanding of the language lies mainly in the field of logical and philosophical research related to a deep, exclusively philosophical understanding of reality. The primary purpose of the study is to determine the main aspects of the professional competence of linguists in the context of understanding the philosophy of language through the prism of time and space. Philosophy of language for linguists gives a systematic understanding of language in connection with man and human society spiritual and practical activities of people; it helps to understand the nature and essence of language as a natural system of symbols associated with the real, practical consciousness and thinking of a person; helps to understand better the patterns of functioning and development of the language, as well as the methodological foundations that underlie modern linguistics; integrates theoretical knowledge in linguistics. The methodology includes a set of theoretical and general scientific research methods. As a result of the analysis, the critical elements of the essence of the professional competence of linguists are identified in the context of understanding the philosophy of language through the prism of time and space.

Nikolay Gogol and Raphael Patkanyan: The Philosophy of Horror

2022-05-03T09:43:38+00:00

The article is dedicated to the study of the artistic impact of the Russian writer Nikolay Gogol (1809-1852) on the creation of the Armenian author Raphael Patkanyan (1830-1892). The object of the research is the horror stories and their philosophy. From this perspective, Patkanyan appears as a student of the Gogol school of horrors by masterfully using the artistic technique of his teacher. The first parallel is the place and time of the action. Night becomes the time axis of the stories, and the plot turns around national holidays - Russian Navi day, Ivan Kupala, Christmas, Armenian Carnival, etc. Actions take place in a cursed or enchanted place (a scary house, an old church, hell, a mortuary, a cemetery, etc.), which allows the two realities to collide, as a result of which extramundane forces penetrate into our world. By taking the national folklore as a basis, both authors set the plot of mythical characters in motion portraying witches, demons, spirits, zombies and other terrible creatures as antagonists. The works of both authors are similar in terms of some functional motifs like the sale of the soul to the devil, metamorphoses, dance and laughter of death, implying specific rituals.

Speech Aggression in Corporate Communication: The Gender Aspect in the Philosophy of Culture

2022-07-08T07:41:11+00:00

The article sheds light on the means of verbal aggression expression as used in the speech of female and male native speakers of English in corporate communication within the gender framework in the philosophy of culture. The means of expression are analysed using the transcripts of talks and business meetings to single out their common use patterns. Research methodology is premised on the philosophical approach to culture, statistical data analysis, methods of continuous sampling, definitional analysis, textual analysis, component analysis and complex analysis of vocabulary units, as well as lexical and stylistic analysis. Upon examining the peculiarities of speech aggression, the authors address gender differences in speech act production. The study demonstrates the significance of the gender factor in implementing verbal behaviour strategies in cases of verbal aggression within corporate communication while also revealing some significant differences in male and female speech aggression in corporate communication (negative connotations in women’s and men’s speech).

Camus’ Understanding of the Paradoxically Multidimensional Human Being

2022-07-28T07:35:20+00:00

The article analyses important issues of philosophical anthropology from a socio-philosophical viewpoint. By defining a human being in different stages of the development of philosophical thought, one or another of his genus’s essential characteristics are distinguished. Modern philosophy documents that human beings are paradoxical, contradictory beings and subject to complicated definitions. This analysis is based on the different approaches of well-known researchers, leaning on the human paradox and trying to rationalise it as much as possible. The article combines the main approaches that provide an opportunity to justify humans’ philosophical essence and nature comprehensively.

US Presidents’ Political Speeches as a Means of Manipulation in 21st Century Society

2022-07-22T04:16:48+00:00

This article comprehensively analyses the potential for politicians’ speeches to influence the public, taking into account the main linguistic and pragmatic factors: political, social, and cultural context, the communication occasion, the personality of the politician, and the structural features of the text that determine the psycholinguistic effectiveness of the speech. The purpose of the research is to study the functional and pragmatic opportunities of well-known US presidents’ public speeches as a political tool and as part of a political strategy. It is a socio- and psycholinguistic study; its goal is not only to demonstrate the features of different types of communication strategies and tactics but also to explain how this variety arises, how society contributes to it and what complicates the emergence of productive social communications.

Political speeches use both purely lingual and extra-lingual means that determine the conceptual content and ways of verbalising meanings, explicable through specific strategies and tactics. The communication situation includes a chronotope and a format for political public speech The personality of the politician, his or her image and status, social and political experience, and degree of eloquence - all play an important role in the preparation and implementation of the speech.

Provocation as a Tool of Language Influence

2021-11-07T07:20:44+00:00

The article aims to study provocation as a particular type of interpersonal communication and a provocateur’s action who intends to obtain (provoke) necessary verbal reaction from the recipient by employing language influence. The provocateur is considered an active speaker whose main task is to plan the communicative process, choose appropriate strategies and tactics, and verbal and nonverbal markers of their realisation to implement effective communication. Provocation can be realised in terms of both communicative conflict and cooperation. Conflict situations involve communicative disharmony, pressure on the recipient, provocateur’s dominance, violating cooperative principles and maxims of communication and politeness principles, and non-cooperative strategies. In contrast, cooperative situations can be regarded as those where communicative balance is maintained, cooperative and politeness principles are followed, and cooperative strategies are applied. Provocation can be effective in both cooperative and non-cooperative implementation

Promise: Semantic, Communicative and Temporal Aspects

2021-11-30T08:10:46+00:00

The article touches upon different aspects of promise – as a speech act, as a means of communication. The theme of promise is analysed in its relation to various areas of philosophical studies: the problem of the subject’s identity, the problem of society as a system of interpersonal interactions, the problem of performative utterances and etc. The methodological basis includes primarily the speech act theory developed by J. Austin and J. Searle’s speech-act theory, genetically related to it. Interpretation of promise in its ontological aspect is considered mainly by comparing the views of F. Nietzsche, J. Derrida and P. Ricoeur.

Various Language-Philosophy Approaches to the Categorization of the Professional Oil Language in English and Russian

2022-07-21T04:05:05+00:00

Out of relatively isolated current discourses served by particular and professional languages, the paper considers features of the uncodified unit components of the oil business language. The material of the study is the uncodified vocabulary and phraseology of Russian and American English, indicating persons, objects, and actions of the oil business: 317 and 360 units correspondingly. The study of the mentioned units’ structure -their core and periphery - is most effectively executed by applying component analysis. The aim is to consider different types of classification of professional oil non-codified units, analyze their semantic derivation, establish the nature of paradigmatic subsystem relations, and explain the mechanism of generating jargonisms and euphemisation. Communicative and pragmatic characteristics of a professional unit prescribe their adequate choice and restrictions on their use in certain areas and situations of communication. It is concluded that the national specificity and originality of thesaurus units’ semantics of professional oil sublanguage are the result of the linguistic factor itself.

The Role of Personality Type and Self-Determination of Students Majoring in Non-Philological Specialities While Building English for Professional Purposes Competence

2021-09-27T11:56:42+00:00

The purpose of the present research was to prove the assumption that considering students’ personality type and self-determination, including motivation about their profession choice, has a direct positive effect on building their English for professional purposes competence. Considering obtained theoretical and empirical data, we can state that personality type and self-determination are interrelated with developing English for professional purposes competence of students majoring in non-philological specialities, namely in Sciences. To collect the data, we employed theoretical analysis and conducted two questionnaire polls to define the significant personality types of students and their motivation for their occupational choice. English for professional purposes competence is an integral characteristic of occupational and personal qualities of future specialists majoring in non-philological specialities. Acquisition of linguistic, specialised and cultural knowledge and building abilities and skills in speaking, writing, listening, and reading involve many psychophysiological mechanisms. Some conscious acts alter into a series of automatic, unconscious operations in language learning. Thus, building English for professional purposes competence involves focusing on activities consistent in the gradual accomplishment of different tasks, concentrating on structured performance according to the instructions, performing a series of automatic, unconscious operations and building associative links. In this way, constructing cognitive maps will bring fruitful results.

English Biblicisms in Colloquial Speech and a Literary Text: Looking for the Right Interpretation

2021-09-23T06:37:02+00:00

In several cases, the function of colloquial speech, English biblicism, does not cause common associations with their former meanings or the original context in the speaker’s mind. The absence of corresponding marks in phraseological dictionaries confirms the fact that biblicisms, possessing a particular source, lose their connection with it. This research aims to trace the original and transformed semantic content of English phraseological units of biblical origin and provide the correct interpretation of the semantic peculiarities of biblical citation both in colloquial speech and literary text. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to identify a number of specific tasks: to define the universal features of biblicism; classify English biblicisms according to their origin and structure; study the semantics of phraseological units of biblical origin and establish the relationship between the original meaning of English biblicism and their transformed meaning in colloquial speech and literary text; to explore semantic and stylistic peculiarities of English biblicism and to identify the main thematic groups of the units under analysis in colloquial speech and literary text.

Philosophical and Ethical Problems of the Category “Life” in Michael Kozoris’s Novella “Chornohora Speaks”

2022-01-20T04:24:04+00:00

The article reveals the content of the philosophical and ethical category of “life” in the example of Mykhailo Kozoris’s novella “Chornohora Speaks”. Comprehending the categories of “life” and “death”, the writer in work by depicting the fate of the heroes proves that each of them understands the meaning of his existence in his own way. The heroes of the novella adhere to their own concept of life and strive to achieve world harmony, but the author takes the position that humans are doomed because he cannot predict the course of his existence. The writer reveals to the reader the unique world of Hutsul life, different from the realities of civilized society, but deduces the thesis that despite the unity with the natural world, the heroes do not achieve natural harmony.

The Folk Medicine Concept in Vernacular English of the XIX Century

2021-11-30T06:04:09+00:00

The research is devoted to studying the Folk Medicine concept in English based on British ethnographic and folklore materials, as well as dictionaries of dialects published in the XIX and early XX centuries. The work aims to analyse the Folk Medicine concept and its representation as a component of the folk world picture, verbalised in that time’s medical language, the core of which is a set of folk nominations used to denote folk names of diseases associated with ancient medical practices. On the periphery, folk texts represent superstitions as necessary constituents of folk medical practices connected with the mentioned nominal units. A comprehensive methodology of conceptual analysis allowed identifying the basic ideas about Folk Medicine. Based on the statement that the meaningful component of the Folk Medicine concept is realised in the folk consciousness, the key verbalised nominations’ definitions denoting the disease names, and their compatibility with adjectives and verbs, were analysed. The influence of medical rites and rituals on the semantics of lexical units was proved. The analysis identified the basic semantic features of the Folk Medicine concept, including ethnonymic, colourative, anthroponymic, mythological, spatial and temporal components.

Language-Philosophy Anomalies in the Framework of Free Indirect Speech: By the Example of Marina Tsvetaeva’s Prose

2022-07-22T04:32:02+00:00

The authors of the article consider Marina Tsvetaeva’s prose from the point of view of the relationship between the concepts of “norm” and “anomaly”, one of the topical issues of contemporary linguistics. The authors stress the importance of the topic in question and the found language material in the text field of the really unique Russian poet – Marina Tsvetaeva. Several classifications of linguistic anomalies and their functions have been studied in the paper. Within the framework of this article, the authors analyse linguistic anomalies on different levels of the language by the example of complexes with free indirect speech, sampled in the prosaic texts of the great Russian poet and writer. They conclude that it is characteristic for Marina Tsvetaeva to experiment with lexis, syntax and punctuation. At the same time, such language incorrectness promotes reflecting the complexity and originality of the author’s perception of the world, conflicts with contemporaries, personal and social drama. Another feature that makes the paper relevant is the choice of free indirect speech as the research target. This research work is the first attempt to study the problem of linguistic anomalies by the example of complexes with free indirect speech.

Exploring the Origin of the Present-Day Human Self on the Fringes of Linguistic Advancement

2022-03-25T15:01:10+00:00

The paper explores the possibility of the evolution of the present-day adult human self (PHS) with linguistic advancements. Considering fringe mentality as a genuine issue during the evolution of PHS, the paper favours that there can be various types of mentalities associated with various kinds of minds, among which present-day adult human mind (PHM) having PHS is only one kind. It explores the logical possibility of a different mentality in our remote ancestors to broaden the contours of the concept of self and mind. Part one is expository in nature and discusses the distinctive features of the present-day adult human self (PHS). Following Sleutels’s (2013) approach, the second part analyses the assumption that the PHS is an innately given inner experience by positing the ‘fringe mind’ problem. Julian Jaynes’s (1976) claim is approached with the help of the linguistic mechanism involved in the emergence of propositional attitudes (PA) to argue that PHS can also be a matter of linguistic advancement rather than mere biological or psychological adaptive advancement. An attempt to address Sleutels (2006) less developed notion of B-mind and A-mind is also made.

Perception of José Ortega y Gasset’s Works in Essays of Oksana Zabuzhko

2022-05-12T08:16:20+00:00

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the reception of Jose Ortega y Gasset’s works in the essays of Oksana Zabuzhko. Emphasis is placed on the commonality of creative origins and ideas of both authors. The intellectual and poetic connections of iconic works are analyzed, particularly “The Revolt of the Masses” and “Notre Dame d’Ukraine. Ukrainian woman in the conflict of mythologies”. The uniqueness of the ideas of the Spanish thinker in the construction of the concept of Ukrainian identity by Oksana Zabuzhko is emphasized. It is concluded that the works of Jose Ortega y Gasset are analyzed and intertwined with the work of Oksana Zabuzhko regarding socio-political and poetic aspects. The format of the mega-essay, common for both authors, chosen for the presentation of their reflections, is objectively analyzed. This format is a harmonious, highly artistic formation in which the content and form are balanced: here, all sections (parts) are logically and consistently connected, placed in a cause-and-effect relationship. Both artists chose the method of “philosophizing in the space of literature”, aestheticized intellectualism, and enriched rational analysis of art and history, which allowed readers to get closer to the essence of Spanish / Ukrainian civilizations.

English Occult Discourse as a Cultural Phenomenon

2022-02-10T13:12:25+00:00

The paper reveals structural and functional peculiarities of English occult discourse as a cultural phenomenon. The research is based on the material of English explanatory and etymological dictionaries and texts manifesting occult discourse on the Internet. The paper uses a comprehensive methodology involving general scientific and special linguistic methods. The paper identifies the institutional forms and types of English occult discourse and outlines ways to study them. The term “occult discourse” denotes the general direction of discourse, which studies the peculiarities of communication in all institutional activity areas beyond science and official religion. Based on the results of etymological and componential analyses, we conclude that occult discourse contains such primary genre varieties as astrological, magical, and alchemical. Regarding socio-cultural features, we note that the function of these types of discourse stem from the symbolic and social meanings that are added to the relevant practices. Thus, the acquisition of occult sciences is part of the general system of thinking and beliefs in a particular society, allowing us to study the relevant fragment of the English worldview in mythological and naive versions.